'Chess clock' means a clock with two time displays, connected to each other in such a way that only one of them can run at one time. 
'Clock' in the Laws of Chess means one of the two time displays.
'Flag fall' means the expiration of the allotted time for a player. 

b)  El tiempo ahorrado por un jugador durante un periodo es agregado a su tiempo disponible para el siguiente periodo, excepto en la modalidad de "tiempo agregado".
En la modalidad de tiempo agregado ambos jugadores tienen asignado un "tiempo de reflexion principal". Ademas, cada jugador recibe un "tiempo extra fijo" con cada movida.
El consumo de tiempo de reflexion  principal comienza recien despues de que el tiempo extra fijo fue consumido. Mientras el jugador detenga su reloj antes de agotar el tiempo extra fijo, el tiempo principal de reflexion no variara, independientemente de la cantidad de tiempo extra fijo que haya consumido.

1. When using a chess clock, each player must make a minimum number of moves or all moves in an allotted period of time and/or may be allocated an additional amount of time with each move. All these must be specified in advance. 
2. The time saved by a player during one period is added to his time available for the next period, except in the 'time delay' mode.

In the time delay mode both players receive an allotted 'main thinking time'. Each player also receives a 'fixed extra time' with every move. The countdown of the main time only commences after the fixed time has expired. Provided the player stops his clock before the expiration of the fixed time, the main thinking time does not change, irrespective of the proportion of the fixed time used. 

Each time display has a 'flag'. Immediately after a flag falls, the requirements of Article 6.2(a) must be checked. 

Before the start of the game the arbiter decides where the chess clock is placed.

At the time determined for the start of the game the clock of the player who has the white pieces is started.

If neither player is present initially, the player who has the white pieces shall lose all the time that elapses until he arrives; unless the rules of the competition specify or the arbiter decides otherwise..

Any player who arrives at the chessboard more than one hour after the scheduled start of the session shall lose the game unless the rules of the competition specify or the arbiter decides otherwise.

b)  El jugador debera apretar el reloj con la misma mano que hace las movidas. Esta prohibido que  el jugador mantenga su dedo en el pulsador del reloj, o "rondando" al mismo.

c) Los jugadores deben manejar el reloj de akedrez correctamente. Esta prohibido presionar el pulsador  violentamente, levantar el reloj o tirarlo.
El manejo indebido del reloj sera penalizado acorde al Articulo 13.4.

d)  Si un jugador no puede usar el reloj, un asistente puede realizar dicha tarea, siempre que sea aprobado por el arbitro. Los relojes seran ajustados por el arbitro en forma equitativa.

1. During the game each player, having made his move on the chessboard, shall stop his own clock and start his opponent's clock. A player must always be allowed to stop his clock. His move is not considered to have been completed until he has done so, unless the move that was made ends the game. (See Articles 5.1, and 5.2)

The time between making the move on the chessboard and stopping his own clock and starting his opponent's clock is regarded as part of the time allotted to the player. 
2. A player must stop his clock with the same hand as that with which he made his move. It is forbidden for a player to keep his finger on the button or to 'hover' over it. 
3. The players must handle the chess clock properly. It is forbidden to punch it forcibly, to pick it up or to knock it over. Improper clock handling shall be penalised in accordance with Article 13.4. 
4. If a player is unable to use the clock, an assistant, who is acceptable to the arbiter, may be provided by the player to perform this operation. The clocks shall be adjusted by the arbiter in an equitable way. 

A flag is considered to have fallen when the arbiter observes the fact or when either player has made a valid claim to that effect. 

Except where Articles 5.1 or one of the Articles 5.2 (a), (b) and (c) apply, if a player does not complete the prescribed number of moves in the allotted time, the game is lost by the player. However, the game is drawn, if the position is such that the opponent cannot checkmate the player's king by any possible series of legal moves, even with the most unskilled counterplay.

Every indication given by the clocks is considered to be conclusive in the absence of any evident defect. A chess clock with an evident defect shall be replaced. The arbiter shall use his best judgement when determining the times to be shown on the replacement chess clock. 

If both flags have fallen and it is impossible to establish which flag fell first, the game shall continue. 

b)  Un jugador puede detener los relojes solo para pedir la asistencia del arbitro, por ejemplo, cuando tuvo lugar la promocion de un peon y la pieza requerida no esta disponible.

c)  El arbitro decidira cuando sera reanudada la partida, en todos los casos.

d)  Si un jugador detiene los relojes para pedir la asistencia del arbitro, el arbitro determinara si el jugador tuvo algun motivo valido para hacerlo. Si resulta obvio que el jugador no tuvo una razon valedera para detener los relojes, el mismo sera penalizado acorde al Articulo 13.4.

1. If the game needs to be interrupted, the arbiter shall stop the clocks. 
2. A player may stop the clocks only in order to seek the arbiter's assistance, for instance when promotion has taken place and the piece required is not available. 
3. The arbiter shall decide when the game is to be restarted in either case. 
4. If a player stops the clocks in order to seek the arbiter's assistance, the arbiter shall determine if the player had any valid reason for doing so. If it is obvious that the player has no valid reason for stopping the clocks, the player shall be penalised according to article 13.4. 

If an irregularity occurs and/or the pieces have to be restored to a previous position, the arbiter shall use his best judgement to determine the times to be shown on the clocks. He shall also, if necessary, adjust the clock's move counter. 

Screens, monitors, or demonstration boards showing the current position on the chessboard, the moves and the number of moves made, and clocks which also show the number of moves, are allowed in the playing hall. However, the player may not make a claim based on information shown in this manner.
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b)  Si durante una partida se nota que el tablero no fue colocado acorde al Articulo 2.1, la partida continuara, pero la posicion alcanzada debera ser transferida correctamente a otro tablero.

1. If during a game it is found that the initial position of the pieces was incorrect, the game shall be cancelled and a new game played. 
2. If during a game it is found that the only error is that the chessboard has been placed contrary to Article 2.1, the game continues but the position reached must be transferred to a correctly placed chessboard. 

If a game has begun with colours reversed, then it shall continue, unless the arbiter rules otherwise. 

If a player displaces one or more pieces, he shall re-establish the correct position on his own time. If necessary, either the player or his opponent shall stop the clocks and ask for the arbiter's assistance. The arbiter may penalise the player who displaced the pieces. 

b)  Despues de aplicar el Articulo 7.4 (a), a las dos primeras movidas ilegales hechas por un jugador el arbitro las penalizara agregandole dos minutos al reloj de su oponente cada vez, a la tercera movida ilegal del mismo jugador el arbitro le dara por perdida la partida.

1. If during a game it is found that an illegal move has been made, the position immediately before the irregularity shall be reinstated. If the position immediately before the irregularity cannot be determined the game shall continue from the last identifiable position prior to the irregularity. The clocks shall be adjusted according to Article 6.14. Article 4.3 applies to the move replacing the illegal move. The game shall then continue from this reinstated position. 
2. After the action taken under Article 7.4(a), for the first two illegal moves by a player the arbiter shall give two minutes extra time to his opponent in each instance; for a third illegal move by the same player, the arbiter shall declare the game lost by this player. 

If during a game it is found that pieces have been displaced from their squares, the position before the irregularity shall be re-instated. If the position immediately before the irregularity cannot be identified, the game shall continue from the last identifiable position prior to the irregularity. The clocks shall be adjusted according to Article 6.14. The game shall then continue from this re-instated position.
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In the course of play each player is required to record his own moves and those of his opponent in the correct manner, move after move, as clearly and legibly as possible, in the algebraic notation (Appendix E), on the 'scoresheet' prescribed for the competition.
A player may reply to his opponent's move before recording it, if he so wishes. He must record his previous move before making another. Both players must record the offer of a draw on the scoresheet. (Appendix E.12)
If a player is unable to keep score, an amount of time, decided by the arbiter, shall be deducted from his allotted time at the beginning of the game. 

The scoresheet shall be visible to the arbiter throughout the game. 

The scoresheets are the property of the organisers of the event. 

If a player has less than five minutes left on his clock and does not have additional time of 30 seconds or more added with each move, then he is not obliged to meet the requirements of Article 8.1. Immediately after one flag has fallen the player must update his scoresheet completely before moving a piece on the chessboard. 

b)  Si solo un jugador, acorde al Articulo 8.4, no esta obligado a anotar la partida, tan pronto caiga una bandera debera actualizar su planilla completamente antes de hacer una movida en el tablero. Si le toca mover, podra utilizar la planilla del oponente, pero debera devolverla antes de hacer su movida.

c)  Si no hay disponible una planilla con todas las movidas anotadas, los jugadores deberan reconstruir la partida en un tablero secundario bajo el control del arbitro o su asistente. Antes de comenzar la reconstruccion de la partida, el arbitro debera tomar nota de la posicion en el tablero, el tiempo en los relojes, y el numero de movidas realizadas, si esta disponible tal informacion.

1. If neither player is required to keep score under Article 8.4, the arbiter or an assistant should try to be present and keep score. In this case, immediately after one flag has fallen, the arbiter shall stop the clocks. Then both players shall update their scoresheets, using the arbiter's or the opponent's scoresheet. 
2. If only one player is not required to keep score under Article 8.4 he must, as soon as either flag has fallen, update his scoresheet completely before moving a piece on the chessboard. Provided it is the player's move, he may use his opponent's scoresheet, but must return it before making a move 
3. If no complete scoresheet is available, the players must reconstruct the game on a second chessboard under the control of the arbiter or an assistant. He shall first record the actual game position, clock times and the number of moves made, if this information is available, before reconstruction takes place. 

If the scoresheets cannot be brought up to date showing that a player has overstepped the allotted time, the next move made shall be considered as the first of the following time period, unless there is evidence that more moves have been made. 

At the conclusion of the game both players shall sign both scoresheets, indicating the result of the game. Even if incorrect, this result shall stand, unless the arbiter decides otherwise.
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b)  La propuesta de tablas debera ser anotada en la planilla por ambos jugadores mediante un simbolo (Ver Apendice E).

c)  Un reclamo de tablas acorde a los Articulos 9.2, 9.3, o 10.2, debera ser considerado como una propuesta de tablas.

1. A player wishing to offer a draw shall do so after having made a move on the chessboard and before stopping his clock and starting the opponent's clock. An offer at any other time during play is still valid, but Article 12.5 must be considered. No conditions can be attached to the offer. In both cases the offer cannot be withdrawn and remains valid until the opponent accepts it, rejects it orally, rejects it by touching a piece with the intention of moving or capturing it, or the game is concluded in some other way. 
2. The offer of a draw shall be noted by each player on his scoresheet with a symbol (See Appendix E). 
3. A claim of a draw under 9.2, 9.3 or 10.2 shall be considered to be an offer of a draw. 

a)  Esta por producirse, si el jugador anota primero la movida en su planilla y le avisa al arbitro su intencion de realizarla, o

b)  Ya se ha producido, y el jugador al que le toca mover hace el reclamo.

Las posiciones en a y en b se consideran la misma si es el mismo jugador al que le toca mover, las piezas del mismo tipo y color ocupan las mismas casillas. y los posibles movimientos de las piezas de ambos jugadores son los mismos.
No se considera la misma posicion si un peon que podia ser capturado al paso ya no puede serlo, o si el derecho a enrocar se ha perdido en forma temporal o permanente.

The game is drawn, upon a correct claim by the player having the move, when the same position, for at least the third time (not necessarily by sequential repetition of moves) 

1. is about to appear, if he first writes his move on his scoresheet and declares to the arbiter his intention to make this move, or 
2. has just appeared, and the player claiming the draw has the move. 

a)  Anota en su planilla su siguiente movimiento, y le avisa al arbitro que luego del mismo se cumpliran 50 movidas sin movimiento de peon o captura de pieza por parte de ambos jugadores, o

b)  Durante las ultimas 50 movidas consecutivas hechas por ambos jugadores no hubo ningun movimiento de peon o captura de pieza.

The game is drawn, upon a correct claim by the player having the move, if 

1. he writes on his scoresheet, and declares to the arbiter his intention to make a move which shall result in the last 50 moves having been made by each player without the movement of any pawn and without the capture of any piece, or 
2. the last 50 consecutive moves have been made by each player without the movement of any pawn and without the capture of any piece. 

If the player makes a move without having claimed the draw he loses the right to claim, as in Article 9.2 or 9.3, on that move. 

a)  Si se comprueba que el reclamo es correcto, la partida sera tablas inmediatamente.

b)  Si se comprueba que el reclamo es incorrecto, el arbitro agregara 3 minutos al tiempo que le reste al oponente de quien hizo el reclamo. Ademas, si quien reclamo tiene mas de dos minutos en su reloj, el arbitro le restara la mitad de su tiempo. hasta un maximo de tres minutos. Si quien reclamo tiene en su reloj mas de un minuto pero menos de dos, el arbitro le dejara solo un minuto. Si quien reclamo tiene menos de un minuto en su reloj, el arbitro no le hara ningun ajuste de tiempo. Despues, la partida continuara y la movida anunciada debera ser hecha en el tablero.

If a player claims a draw as in Article 9.2 or 9.3, he shall immediately stop both clocks. He is not allowed to withdraw his claim. 

1. If the claim is found to be correct the game is immediately drawn. 
2. If the claim is found to be incorrect, the arbiter shall add three minutes to the opponent's remaining time. Additionally, if the claimant has more than two minutes on his clock the arbiter shall deduct half of the claimant's remaining time up to a maximum of three minutes. If the claimant has more than one minute, but less than two minutes, his remaining time shall be one minute. If the claimant has less than one minute, the arbiter shall make no adjustment to the claimant's clock. Then the game shall continue and the intended move must be made. 

The game is drawn when a position is reached from which a checkmate cannot occur by any possible series of legal moves, even with the most unskilled play. This immediately ends the game.
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A 'quickplay finish' is the last phase of a game, when all the remaining moves must be made in a limited time. 

a)  Si el arbitro esta de acuerdo con que el oponente no esta esforzandose para ganar la partida por medios normales, o con que no es posible ganar la partida por medios normales, podra declarar tablas la partida. En otros casos, debera posponer su decision o rechazar el reclamo.

b)  Si el arbitro decide posponer su decision, el oponente de quien hizo el reclamo podra recibir dos minutos de tiempo extra, y la partida, de ser posible, debera continuar en presencia de un arbitro. El arbitro declarara el resultado de la partida despues de que alguna bandera haya caido.

c)  Si el arbitro rechaza el reclamo de tablas, se le agregaran dos minutos en el reloj al oponente de quien hizo el reclamo.

d)  La decision final del arbitro debera ser acorde al Articulo 10.2 a, b, c.

If the player, having the move, has less than two minutes left on his clock, he may claim a draw before his flag falls. He shall stop the clocks and summon the arbiter. 

1. If the arbiter agrees the opponent is making no effort to win the game by normal means, or that it is not possible to win by normal means, then he shall declare the game drawn. Otherwise he shall postpone his decision or reject the claim. 
2. If the arbiter postpones his decision, the opponent may be awarded two extra minutes thinking time and the game shall continue in the presence of an arbiter, if possible. The arbiter shall declare the final result after a flag has fallen. 
3. If the arbiter has rejected the claim, the opponent shall be awarded two extra minutes thinking time. 
4. The decision of the arbiter shall be final relating to 10.2 a, b, c. 

If both flags have fallen and it is impossible to establish which flag fell first the game is drawn. 

Unless announced otherwise in advance, a player who wins his game, or wins by forfeit, scores one point (1), a player who loses his game, or forfeits scores no points (0) and a player who draws his game scores a half point (1/2).
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The players shall take no action that will bring the game of chess into disrepute.

During play the players are forbidden to make use of any notes, sources of information, advice, or to analyse on another chessboard.
The scoresheet shall be used only for recording the moves, the times of the clocks, the offer of a draw, and matters relating to a claim. 

Players who have finished their games shall be considered to be spectators. 

Players are not allowed to leave the 'playing venue' without permission from the arbiter. The playing venue is defined as the playing area, rest rooms, refreshment area, area set aside for smoking and other places as designated by the arbiter.
The player having the move is not allowed to leave the playing area without permission of the arbiter. 

It is forbidden to distract or annoy the opponent in any manner whatsoever. This includes unreasonable claims or offers of a draw. 

Infraction of any part of the Articles 12.1 to 12.5 shall lead to penalties in accordance with Article 13.4. 

Persistent refusal by a player to comply with the Laws of Chess shall be penalised by loss of the game. The arbiter shall decide the score of the opponent. 

If both players are found guilty according to Article 12.7, the game shall be declared lost by both players.
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The arbiter shall see that the Laws of Chess are strictly observed. 

The arbiter shall act in the best interest of the competition. He should ensure that a good playing environment is maintained and that the players are not disturbed. He shall supervise the progress of the competition. 

The arbiter shall observe the games, especially when the players are short of time, enforce decisions he has made and impose penalties on players where appropriate. 

a)  Advertir.

b)  Incrementar el tiempo restante del oponente del jugador infractor.

c)  Reducir el tiempo restante del jugador infractor.

d) Dar por perdida una partida.

e)  Reducirle el puntaje obtenido en una partida a un jugador infractor.

f)  Incrementar al maximo posible el puntaje obtenido por el oponente de un jugador infractor

g) Expulsar a alguien de la competicion.

The arbiter can apply one or more of the following penalties: 

1. warning, 
2. increasing the remaining time of the opponent, 
3. reducing the remaining time of the offending player, 
4. declaring the game to be lost, 
5. reducing the points scored in a game by the offending party, 
6. increasing the points scored in a game by the opponent to the maximum available for that game, 
7. expulsion from the event. 

The arbiter may award either or both players additional time in the event of external disturbance of the game. 

The arbiter must not intervene in a game except in cases described by the Laws of Chess. He shall not indicate the number of moves made, except in applying Article 8.5, when at least one player has used all his time. The arbiter shall refrain from informing a player that his opponent has completed a move. 

Spectators and players in other games are not to speak about or otherwise interfere in a game. If necessary, the arbiter may expel offenders from the playing venue. 

Member federations may ask FIDE to give an official decision about problems relating to the Laws of Chess.