El jugador con piezas blancas comienza la partida.
Se dice que a un jugador le toca mover cuando su oponente hizo la ultima movida.

The game of chess is played between two opponents who move their pieces alternately on a square board called a 'chessboard'. The player with the white pieces commences the game. A player is said to 'have the move', when his opponent's move has been made.

The objective of each player is to place the opponent's king 'under attack' in such a way that the opponent has no legal move which would avoid the 'capture' of the king on the following move. The player who achieves this goal is said to have 'checkmated' the opponent's king and to have won the game. The opponent whose king has been checkmated has lost the game.

If the position is such that neither player can possibly checkmate, the game is drawn.
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El tablero se coloca entre los jugadores de tal manera que a la derecha de los mismos quede la esquina con casilla blanca.

The chessboard is composed of an 8x8 grid of 64 equal squares alternately light (the 'white' squares) and dark (the 'black' squares).
The chessboard is placed between the players in such a way that the near corner square to the right of the player is white.

A continuacion, estan las piezas, y los simbolos que habitualmente las representan:

At the beginning of the game one player has 16 light-coloured pieces (the 'white' pieces); the other has 16 dark-coloured pieces (the 'black' pieces): These pieces are as follows: 

Un Rey blanco.  A white king, usually indicated by the symbol
Una Dama blanca.  A white queen, usually indicated by the symbol
Dos Torres blancas.  Two white rooks, usually indicated by the symbol
Dos Alfiles blancos.  Two white bishops, usually indicated by the symbol
Dos Caballos blancos.  Two white knights, usually indicated by the symbol
Ocho Peones blancos.  Eight white pawns, usually indicated by the symbol
Un Rey negro.  A black king, usually indicated by the symbol
Una Dama negra.  A black queen, usually indicated by the symbol
Dos Torres negras.  Two black rooks, usually indicated by the symbol
Dos Alfiles negros.  Two black bishops, usually indicated by the symbol
Dos Caballos negros.  Two black knights, usually indicated by the symbol
Ocho Peones negros.  Eight black pawns, usually indicated by the symbol

The initial position of the pieces on the chessboard is as follows:

The eight vertical columns of squares are called 'files'. The eight horizontal rows of squares are called ranks'. A straight line of squares of the same colour, touching corner to corner, is called a 'diagonal'.
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Se dice que una pieza ataca a una pieza del contrario cuando tiene la posibilidad de capturarla acorde a los Articulos 3.2 al 3.8.

It is not permitted to move a piece to a square occupied by a piece of the same colour. If a piece moves to a square occupied by an opponent's piece the latter is captured and removed from the chessboard as part of the same move. A piece is said to attack an opponent's piece if the piece could make a capture on that square according to Articles 3.2 to 3.8. 

The bishop may move to any square along a diagonal on which it stands.

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The rook may move to any square along the file or the rank on which it stands.

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The queen may move to any square along the file, the rank or a diagonal on which it stands. 

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When making these moves the bishop, rook or queen may not move over any intervening pieces.

The knight may move to one of the squares nearest to that on which it stands but not on the same rank, file or diagonal.

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b)  En su primer movida el peon puede mover como se indico en el punto anterior, o tambien puede avanzar dos casillas hacia adelante, siempre que la casilla de llegada este desocupada, o

c)  El peon puede moverse a una casilla que este ubicada frente al mismo, en una diagonal inmediata, siempre que este ocupada por una pieza rival, la cual sera capturada.

1. The pawn may move forward to the unoccupied square immediately in front of it on the same file, or 
2. on its first move the pawn may move as in (a); alternatively it may advance two squares along the same file provided both squares are unoccupied, or 
3. the pawn may move to a square occupied by an opponent's piece, which is diagonally in front of it on an adjacent file, capturing that piece. 

d. A pawn attacking a square crossed by an opponent's pawn which has advanced two squares in one move from its original square may capture this opponent's pawn as though the latter had been moved only one square. This capture may only be made on the move following this advance and is called an 'en passant' capture. 

e. When a pawn reaches the rank furthest from its starting position it must be exchanged as part of the same move for a queen, rook, bishop or knight of the same colour. The player's choice is not restricted to pieces that have been captured previously. This exchange of a pawn for another piece is called 'promotion' and the effect of the new piece is immediate.

a.  There are two different ways of moving the king, by: 

1. moving to any adjoining square not attacked by one or more of the opponent's pieces. 

The opponent's pieces are considered to attack a square, even if such pieces cannot themselves move. 

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1. 'castling'. This is a move of the king and either rook of the same colour on the same rank, counting as a single move of the king and executed as follows: the king is transferred from its original square two squares towards the rook, then that rook is transferred to the square the king has just crossed. 

El enroque es ilegal cuando:

a) El rey ha hecho alguna movida con anterioridad al enroque.
b) La torre que participa del enroque ha hecho alguna movida con anterioridad al mismo.

(1)  Castling is illegal: 

1. if the king has already moved, or 
2. with a rook that has already moved 


El enroque esta  temporariamente impedido cuando:

a) Esta atacada alguna de las siguientes casillas:
    1. La casilla en la que esta el rey al tratar de enrocar.
    2. La casilla por la que atravesara el rey al tratar de enrocar.
    3. La casilla a la que llegara el rey al enrocar.

b) Hay alguna pieza entre el rey y la torre que participaran del enroque.

(2)  Castling is prevented temporarily 

1. if the square on which the king stands, or the square which it must cross, or the square which it is to occupy, is attacked by one or more of the opponent's pieces. 
2. if there is any piece between the king and the rook with which castling is to be effected. 

b.  The king is said to be 'in check', if it is attacked by one or more of the opponent's pieces, even if
     such pieces cannot themselves move. 
     Declaring a check is not obligatory. 

No piece can be moved that will expose its own king to check or leave its own king in check.
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Each move must be made with one hand only. 

Provided that he first expresses his intention (e.g. by saying "j'adoube" or "I adjust"), the player having the move may adjust one or more pieces on their squares. 

a)  Una o mas piezas propias, debe mover la primera que toco y que pueda moverse.

b)  Una o mas piezas del rival, debe capturar la primera que toco y que pueda capturarse.

c)  Una pieza de cada color, debe capturar la pieza del rival con su pieza, o si esto es ilegal, mover o capturar la primera pieza tocada que pueda ser movida o capturada.  Si no esta claro cual pieza fue tocada primero, se considerara que la primer pieza en ser tocada fue la propia.

Except as provided in Article 4.2, if the player having the move deliberately touches on the chessboard 

1. one or more of his own pieces, he must move the first piece touched that can be moved, or 
2. one or more of his opponent's pieces, he must capture the first piece touched, which can be captured, or 
3. one piece of each colour, he must capture the opponent's piece with his piece or, if this is illegal, move or capture the first piece touched which can be moved or captured. If it is unclear, whether the player's own piece or his opponent's was touched first, the player's own piece shall be considered to have been touched before his opponent's. 

b)  Si un jugador toca deliberadamente una torre y luego su rey, no esta autorizado a enrocar con esa torre en esa movida, y la situacion debe resolverse tomando en cuenta el punto 4.3a.

c)  Si un jugador toca el rey, o el rey y una torre al mismo tiempo, pero enrocar de ese lado es ilegal, puede hacer cualquier otra movida legal con su rey, incluido el enroque con la torre que no se toco.
Si el rey no puede ser movido, el jugador es libre de realizar cualquier movida legal.

1. If a player deliberately touches his king and rook he must castle on that side if it is legal to do so. 
2. If a player deliberately touches a rook and then his king he is not allowed to castle on that side on that move and the situation shall be governed by Article 4.3(a). 
3. If a player, intending to castle, touches the king or king and rook at the same time, but castling on that side is illegal, the player must make another legal move with his king which may include castling on the other side. If the king has no legal move, the player is free to make any legal move.

If none of the pieces touched can be moved or captured, the player may make any legal move. 

A player forfeits his right to a claim against his opponent's violation of Article 4.3 or 4.4, once he deliberately touches a piece.

When, as a legal move or part of a legal move, a piece has been released on a square, it cannot then be moved to another square. The move is considered to have been made when all the relevant requirements of Article 3 have been fulfilled.
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b)  La partida es ganada por el jugador cuyo oponente declara que abandona. Esto inmediatamente termina la partida.

1. The game is won by the player who has checkmated his opponent's king. This immediately ends the game, provided that the move producing the checkmate position was a legal move. 
2. The game is won by the player whose opponent declares he resigns. This immediately ends the game. 

b)  La partida es tablas si se alcanza una posicion en la que ninguno de los jugadores puede dar jaque mate al rey contrario mediante movidas legales. En tal caso, se dice que la partida termino en una "posicion muerta". Esto termina inmediatamente la partida, siempre que se haya alcanzado dicha posicion mediante una movida legal.

c)  La partida es tablas por mutuo acuerdo de los jugadores durante la misma. Esto termina inmediatamente la partida. (Ver articulo 9.1).

d)  La partida puede ser tablas si una posicion esta por repetirse o se ha repetido sobre el tablero al menos tres veces. (Ver articulo 9.2).

e)  La partida puede ser tablas si cada jugador ha hecho al menos cincuenta movidas consecutivas sin el movimiento de ningun peon y sin capturar ninguna pieza. (Ver articulo 9.3).

1. The game is drawn when the player to move has no legal move and his king is not in check. The game is said to end in 'stalemate'. This immediately ends the game, provided that the move producing the stalemate position was legal. 
2. The game is drawn when a position has arisen in which neither player can checkmate the opponent's king with any series of legal moves. The game is said to end in a 'dead position'. This immediately ends the game, provided that the move producing the position was legal. 
3. The game is drawn upon agreement between the two players during the game. This immediately ends the game. (See Article 9.1) 
4. The game may be drawn if any identical position is about to appear or has appeared on the chessboard at least three times. (See Article 9.2) 
5. The game may be drawn if each player has made the last 50 consecutive moves without the movement of any pawn and without the capture of any piece. (See Article 9.3)